Pure gold is too soft to be used to produce jewelry, copper zinc and other metals are added to produce a hard alloy for the manufacture of  jewelry, silver also is not used in jewelry in its pure form as ally is used.

The mount of pure gold in an alloy defines the degree of its fineness expressed in «karats» the whole alloy is supposed to be 24 karats.

The jeweller prepares the alloys in his workshop and casts them in molds, as gold and silver are malleable. The jeweller puts alloy in simple machine which through the pressure of rollers turns the alloy to any thickness he desire or even wiredraws it.

Out of gold and silver alloys the artist makes the bracelet the earrings the necklace the chain the ring …. etc. he also sets precious stones in ouches on rings and other items of jewelry